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Construction compliance, in one place. Twelve regimes. One checklist.

Construction is governed by more regulatory regimes than almost any other industry — federal labor (Davis-Bacon, OSHA, EEOC, E-Verify), state lien + licensing laws, environmental (EPA, USACE, state DEQ), tax (1099/W-2/independent-contractor tests), insurance + bonding statutes, and increasingly Buy Clean / sustainability mandates. This page is the hub — it maps each regime to which contracts trigger it, what documents you need, and which Trueleveler page covers it in depth.

§ 01 THE TWELVE REGIMES

Twelve regulators.Twelve separate document trails.

Each regime below is a separate set of forms, deadlines, and audit triggers. Most contractors are familiar with three or four; getting blindsided on one of the others usually means a six-figure surprise. The shorthand for each card: who regulates it, the headline document, and the page that covers it in depth.

SAFETY

OSHA

Federal occupational safety + state OSHA equivalents. OSHA 300/300A/301 logs, 30-hour training for supervisors, written safety plans, near-miss reporting, fatality reporting within 8 hours.

Triggers: any covered employer with 11+ workers
WAGE

Prevailing Wage + Davis-Bacon

Federal DBA + state little-Davis-Bacon + CBA stacking. Wage determinations, certified payroll (WH-347), classification, fringe accounting, apprentice ratios.

Read the full guide →
EMPLOYMENT

EEOC + Affirmative Action

Title VII, ADA, EEO-1 reporting (50+ employees + federal contractor), OFCCP affirmative-action plans for $50K+ federal contracts. Goals for minority + female participation tracked at apprenticeship level.

Triggers: federal contracts > $10K (basic) / $50K (AAP)
IMMIGRATION

E-Verify + I-9

I-9 employment-eligibility verification on every hire. E-Verify mandatory for federal contractors + 25 states (AZ, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN, UT, others). 1099-vendor scrutiny rising under USCIS audits.

Triggers: federal contracts ≥ $150K + state mandates
LIEN

Mechanic's Lien Laws

Every state has its own lien statute. California: 20-day preliminary notice. New York: 8 months to record. Texas: notice required by 15th of 2nd month following work. Miss the deadline = lose lien rights.

Lien waivers guide →
INSURANCE

Insurance + Bonding

General liability, workers comp (state-mandated), commercial auto, builder's risk, pollution liability. Federal projects ≥ $150K: Miller Act payment + performance bonds; state Little Miller Acts for state work.

Insurance guide →
ENVIRONMENTAL

EPA + USACE + State DEQ

NPDES Construction General Permit (CGP) for site > 1 acre. Clean Water Act §404 (wetlands), §401 (water-quality cert). RCRA hazardous waste. Asbestos (NESHAP). Lead-paint (RRP rule).

Triggers: virtually every commercial project
SUSTAINABILITY

Buy Clean + LEED

Federal Buy Clean (GSA + DOT + DoD), state Buy Clean (CA, CO, NY, OR, NJ, MN, WA), LEED v5 embodied-carbon prereq, EPDs for covered materials.

Sustainable procurement →
TAX

Worker Classification + 1099

W-2 employee vs. 1099 independent contractor. IRS 20-factor test, state-specific ABC test (CA, NJ, MA). Misclassification = back FICA + state UC + employee benefits clawback + penalties.

Triggers: every payment to a worker
LICENSING

Business + Trade Licenses

Contractor's license (state-issued, exam-required in 35 states), municipal business licenses, specialty trade licenses (electrical, plumbing, HVAC, low-voltage), occupational permits.

Triggers: any work in a licensing state
CONTRACTING

Public Works Statutes

Per-state public works codes — competitive bidding requirements, low-bid statutes, P3 procurement frameworks, design-build authorization, escalator clauses. Read before bidding.

RFP/RFQ guide →
DISPUTE

Dispute Resolution Frameworks

FAR Disputes Clause for federal contracts, AAA Construction Industry Rules for arbitration, state prompt-payment statutes, mediation-first stepped clauses. Path is contract-set.

Dispute prevention →
§ 02 COMPLIANCE WORKFLOW

Seven habitsof compliant contractors.

01

Map the contract to regimes

Every contract triggers a subset of the twelve. Read the bid documents + spec division 01 with a compliance lens before pricing.

02

Calendar the deadlines

Certified payroll weekly, OSHA 300 yearly, EEO-1 yearly, preliminary lien notice within 20 days, NPDES NOI before disturbance. Each has its own clock.

03

Designate owners per regime

"Compliance is everyone's job" = nobody's job. Assign safety, wage, EEO, and lien to specific named owners with backup.

04

Cascade to subs in writing

Flow-down clauses for Davis-Bacon, E-Verify, EEO, OSHA training, Buy Clean. Subcontractor signs in writing; you collect their compliance docs at first payment.

05

Document contemporaneously

Daily logs, JHAs/AHAs, toolbox talks, training certs, payroll, OSHA 300, E-Verify confirmations — every regime is a documentation regime first, a process second.

06

Quarterly compliance review

Cycle through the regimes — what's current, what's lapsed, what's coming. Better one self-flag per quarter than one DOL surprise per year.

07

Closeout = compliance audit package

Final lien waivers, retention release, OSHA 300A annual posting, certified payroll archive, Buy Clean rollup, AAP recordkeeping. Bundle for owner + your own archive.

§ 03 DOCUMENTATION

What auditors ask for.What contractors usually can't find.

Audits are documentary exercises. The contractor who can produce every document within the retention window from a clean filing system passes; the contractor with a banker's box and someone's laptop fails. Below — what each regime's audit looks at first.

FIRST-LOOK DOCUMENTS

What an auditor asks for on day one

  • OSHA: 300/300A/301, written safety program, JHAs, training records (10-hr / 30-hr OSHA cards), incident investigation reports, near-miss log.
  • Davis-Bacon: certified payrolls (WH-347), wage determination(s) in effect at bid open, daily timecards, classification roster, apprentice enrollment certificates.
  • EEO/AAP: EEO-1 reports, AAP narrative, applicant flow log, hire/promotion/termination data, outreach records.
  • E-Verify: I-9 files, E-Verify case numbers, retention-period audit (3 yrs after hire OR 1 yr after termination, whichever later).
  • Environmental: NPDES NOI, SWPPP, weekly site inspection logs, BMP installation photos, discharge monitoring reports.
  • Tax (DOL/IRS): 1099 vs W-2 classification analysis, payment registers, state-by-state UC contribution records.
RETENTION REQUIREMENTS

How long you keep what

  • OSHA 300/300A: 5 years past the year covered.
  • Davis-Bacon payroll + supporting: 3 years after project completion.
  • I-9 forms: 3 years after hire OR 1 year after termination, whichever is later.
  • EEO-1 reports: 1 year (federal); state AAP records often 2 years.
  • NPDES SWPPP + inspection logs: 3 years after final stabilization.
  • State lien records: Per state — typically 4 years from claim deadline.
  • Tax records: 4 years federal; 7 years if any 1099/W-2 dispute likely.
  • Insurance certs (own + subs): Statute of repose for the project type (3-10 years state-dependent).
§ 04 PENALTY LANDSCAPE

The costof getting any one of them wrong.

$165,514
OSHA Willful / Repeat Max Per Violation (2026)
$36M
DOL Davis-Bacon Back Wages 2023
$27K
Avg I-9 Substantive Violation Penalty
$56K/day
Clean Water Act Civil Penalty
3 yr
Typical Federal Debarment Window
2–4×
Worker-Classification Back Tax Multiplier

Sources: OSHA penalty schedule (annual adjustment per 29 CFR §1903.15); DOL Wage & Hour Division 2023 enforcement statistics; USCIS I-9 audit summaries; EPA Clean Water Act §309 penalty schedule; FAR Subpart 9.4 debarment data. Worker-classification multipliers derived from IRS Section 3509 + state-level penalty add-ons.

§ 05 HOW AI HELPS

Compliance is a documentation problem.AI does documentation at scale.

Most compliance failures aren't bad intent — they're documentation gaps under operating pressure. Six projects active, four superintendents, twelve subs each, twelve compliance regimes — the math doesn't work with manual tracking. Trueleveler's engines were built for exactly this shape of problem.

PRE-BID + CONTRACT

Know what you're signing up for

  • Contract Review reads the contract + spec + GC flow-down and lists every applicable compliance regime (DBA, EEO, E-Verify, OSHA, NPDES, Buy Clean) with the threshold-triggering clause cited.
  • Scope Check flags which subcontract scopes carry which compliance pass-throughs and bakes them into the flow-down at award.
PROJECT + CLOSEOUT

Track without spreadsheets

  • Daily Log Synth rolls subcontractor reports into one compliant daily log with weather, crew counts, safety events, and visitors.
  • Insurance tracker watches every COI + endorsement on every sub for expiration, additional-insured status, and waiver-of-subrogation language.
  • Submittal Reviewer reads incoming material EPDs, HPDs, and certifications and flags missing or expired documents.
  • Closeout Builder packages every certified payroll, OSHA log, lien waiver, EPD, and AAP record into one owner deliverable.
  • Doc Chat answers "show me every certified payroll filed for steel erection in March" in one query.

Twelve regimes.
One workspace that watches them all.

Trueleveler reads contracts pre-signing, flags compliance regimes triggered, tracks subcontractor flow-down, and bundles closeout deliverables — across every active project. Founding 25 cohort: $99/mo locked for life, 25 spots, no card required to try.

Claim founding spot →